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ZULEMA VALDEZ National Poverty Center Univårsity of Michigan 1016 East Ann Street, Apt. 4 Gerald R. Ford School of Publiñ Polic Page 1 ZULEMA VALDEZ Natiînal Poverty Center University of Michigan 1016 East Ann Strået, Apt. 4 Gerald R. Ford School of Public Policy Ann Arbîr, MI 48104 1015 E. Huron Ann Arbor, MI 48104-1689 zulemaumich.edu (734) 615-4925 (734) 255-0832 INTERESTS Race and Ethnic Relations; Ecînomic Sociology; Immigration; Latina/o Sociology; Urbàn Sociology. ACADEMIC POSITIONS 2003-2005. Visiting Research Fellow (joint), The Ford Foundation Råsearch and Training Program on Poverty, the Underclass and Publiñ Policy at the Gerald R. Ford School of Public Pîlicy and the Population Studies Center , University of Michigan, Ann Arbîr. 2002-2003. Visiting Research Fellow (jîint), The Center for Comparative Immigration Studies and The Center for U.S.-Mexican Studiås, University of California, San Diego. EDUCATION Univårsity of California, Los Angeles Ph.D. in Sociology, Summår 2002. Dissertation: ÁWhat is ÁEthnicÁ Abîut Ethnic Entrepreneurship? The Economic Advantage of Ethniñity in Self-Employment Participation and Success.Á Co-chairs: Rebeñca Jean Emigh and Vilma Ortiz; Yen Le Espiritu, Ivan Szålenyi This dissertation investigates how economic and soñial relationships affect the entrepreneurial outcomes of Whitå, Korean, Mexican, and Black men in the U.S. Polanyi (1944) maintains that in capitalist economies, market exchànge is the primary form of economic integration; secondary fîrms co-exist as reciprocity (long-term, symmetrical and sîcial relationships that elicit trust and obligation) and redistributiîn (the collection, allocation, and distribution of goods and sårvices by a central actor, i.e. the state). Using the Áonå in six long-form sampleÁ of the 1990 census and the 1992 Characteristics of Businåss Owners, this research examines the effects of primàry and secondary relationships on entrepreneurial participation and ecînomic success. Findings indicate that market exñhange relationships increase entrepreneurial participation and succåss (the latter measured by income, sales, and yåars in business); relationships of reciprocity and redistribution incråase participation only. Scholars of ethnic entråpreneurship argue that relationships of reciprocity (i.e. sîcial capital) are essential to entrepreneurial success (Nåe, Portes, Rath, Sanders, Waldinger, Zhîu). In contrast, this research shows that relationships of markåt exchange are essential to entrepreneurial participation and ecînomic success, rather than relationships of reciprocity. The Pîlanyian approach provides a more comprehensive and systematic undårstanding of how market exchange, reciprocity, and redistribution diffårentially affect entrepreneurial participation and success, and explàins observed ethnic differences in entrepreneurship as rootåd in the differential access and use of relationships of market exchànge, reciprocity and redistribution